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- Operators
Perl operators
A list of Perl operators . Perl has a few more operator types than other languages. It may be one of the reasons why I feel a lot of symbols. If you don't know the operator, you can look it up here.
String operators
Introducing operators related to strings.
| *operator | *meaning |
| .. | String concatenation operator |
| qw | String list operator |
| & lt; & lt; EOS | Here document |
| q | Quart operator |
| Double quote operator | |
| x | Repeat operator |
See the following articles for a detailed explanation of string comparison operators.
Regular expression operators
Introducing operators related to regular expression.
| *operator | *meaning |
| =~ | Pattern matching operator |
| qr | Regular expression reference |
| m | Regular expression enclosing expression |
Array operators
Introducing operators related to arrays.
| *operator | *meaning |
| () | List |
| @elems [ 1, 3, 5 ] | Array slice |
| qw | String list operator |
| m .. n | Range operator |
| x | Repeat operator |
Hash operators
Introducing operators related to hashes.
| @hash {'foo', 'bar'} | Hash slice |
Reference operators
| Anonymous array generator | |
| {} | Anonymous hash generator |
Control structure operators
Introducing operators related to control structures.
| *operator | *meaning |
| A? B: C | Ternary operator |
| // // | Defined-or operator |
Numeric comparison operator
Introducing numeric comparison operators for comparing numbers.
| *operator | *meaning |
| A == B | A and B are equal |
| A != B | A and B are not equal |
| A> B | A is greater than B |
| A >= B | A is B or higher |
| A | A is less than B |
| A <= B | A is less than or equal to B |
See below for a detailed explanation of numeric comparison operators.
String comparison operator
Introducing the string comparison operator for comparing strings.
| *operator | *meaning |
| A eq B | A and B are equal |
| A ne B | A and B are not equal |
| A gt B | A is greater than B |
| A ge B | A is B or higher |
| A lt B | A is less than B |
| A le B | A is less than or equal to B |
See below for a detailed explanation of string comparison operators.
Logical operators
Introducing Perl logical operators.
| *operator | *meaning |
| | | | Logical sum |
| && | Logical AND |
| !! | denial |
| or | OR (lower priority than | |) |
| and | Lower priority than AND &&) |
| not | Negation (lower priority than!) |
See below for a detailed explanation of logical operators.
Arithmetic operator
This is an introduction to arithmetic operators for performing four arithmetic operations.
| *operator | *meaning |
| + | Addition operator |
| - - | Subtraction operator |
| * | Multiplication operator |
|
/ |
Division operator |
| %% | Modulo operator |
| ++ | Increment |
| - | Decrement |
| * * | Exponentiation operator |
See below for a detailed explanation of arithmetic operators.
Bitwise operator
An operator for performing Perl bit operations .
| *operator | *meaning |
| & | Bit AND |
| | | Bit OR |
| ^^ | Bit exclusive OR |
| ~ | Bit denial |
| & lt; & lt; | Right bit shift |
| & gt; & gt; | Left bit shift |
See the following article for an explanation of bit operations.
Operators for assignment
Introducing operators related to assignment.
| *operator | *meaning |
| = = | Assignment operator |
Special assignment operator
Introducing special assignment operators. It can be used in combination with other operators like "A += B" and has the same meaning as "A = A + B".
| *operator | *meaning |
| A += B | A = A + B |
| A-= B | A = A - B |
| A *= B | A = A * B |
| A/= B | A = A/B |
| A | = B | A = A | B |
| A & = B | A = A & B |
| A ^ = B | A = A ^ B |
| A && = B | A = A && B |
| A | | = B | A = A | | B |
| A //= B | A = A // B |
| A. = B | A = A. B |
File I/O operators
Introduces I/O operators to the file.
| *operator | *meaning |
| & lt; & gt; | File input operator |
Operators related to file operations
Introducing operators related to file operations.
| *operator | *meaning |
| _ | Reuse of file information |
File test operator
Introducing the file test operator.
| * File test operator | *function |
| -e | Check if the file exists |
| -f | Normal faCheck if Il exists |
| -d | Check if the directory exists |
| -s | Get file size |
| -M | Get the number of days that have passed since the last update |
| -A | Get the number of days that have passed since the last access |
Other operators
Introducing other operators.
| ... | Yadayada operator |
Operator "priority"
Explains Perl operator precedence.
How to check Perl grammar/syntax
To find out the grammar and syntax of Perl such as if and for, see the following articles.
Official documentation for operators
See the official documentation for a complete list of Perl operators.
Related information
See the following pages for Perl grammar/syntax, functions, predefined variable/modules.